Here’s where all that talk about President Obama being a secret Islamic Kenyan usurper becomes problematic. When he condemns the wanton slaughter of over 600 civilians in Egypt who support the Muslim Brotherhood, he is accused of siding with the Muslim Brotherhood and approving of their attacks on Coptic Christians. Naturally, because the Mighty Right-Wing Wurlitzer has to politicize every single foreign policy difficulty, this is the kind of rhetoric we get. He goes from being merely illegitimate to actively anti-Christian. He’s pro-persecution of Christians. You can see how this meme is spreading in the comments of Jeffrey Goldberg’s article.
As for Goldberg’s argument, I am surprised to see how blithely he suggests that we have no good remaining reasons to continue supporting the Egyptian regime.
There is, at this point, no good reason to continue funding the Egyptian armed forces. The aid obviously hasn’t provided the White House with sufficient leverage, and it makes the U.S. complicit in what just happened and what will undoubtedly continue to happen. One argument for continued aid is that it encourages the military to maintain Egypt’s peace treaty with Israel. But the military will do so whether or not the U.S. provides money and weapons, because it has decided that Islamist extremism, and not Israel, is Egypt’s main enemy. And it will be too busy persecuting Egyptians.
The argument against complicity is a very strong one, but it doesn’t stand by itself. Nor does the argument that Egypt-Israel relations are stable because all Egypt’s energy will be directed inwards. Goldberg makes an important point in this regard without following the implications:
There’s still a decent chance that the U.S. will suspend aid to the Egyptian military. But the generals understood that a suspension of aid might be possible in the aftermath of the sort of crackdown we’re seeing now. Which means that they have come to think that wiping out the Brotherhood is worth the risk. (They also know that there are plenty of wealthy sheiks in the Persian Gulf who viscerally oppose the Brotherhood and who would be happy to supplement Egypt’s defense budget.)
The implications here are that Egypt will go ahead and slaughter the Muslim Brotherhood, but they’ll do it with sheiks’ money. For Goldberg, this appears to be a satisfactory, or at least preferable, outcome. But what has the sheiks’ money done in Syria? Hasn’t it funded rival Islamist groups sympathetic to or allied with al-Qaeda? And, long-term, the sheiks can only provide the money to buy weapons, not the weapons themselves, which could easily begin flowing from Russia (again) or China.
The moral argument against slaughtering protesters is strong, but the moral case for the Muslim Brotherhood is weak. I don’t like to move out of the area of morality into the world of naked self-interest, but there are equities at stake here, too. Consider the side-effects of cutting off aid.
Since the early 1980s, the United States has granted Egypt an extraordinary ability to place orders with American defense contractors that are worth far more than Congress has appropriated for military aid, according to U.S. officials. Under the mechanism, called cash-flow financing, Egypt can submit large orders for equipment that takes years to produce and deliver, under the assumption that U.S. lawmakers will continue to allocate the same amount in military aid year after year.
Egypt — the only country besides Israel that is granted such a privilege by Washington — has effectively been given a credit card with a maximum limit in the billions of dollars, experts say.
The complex financing arrangement is making a tough policy debate over the future of military aid to Egypt far more complicated than is publicly acknowledged. Lawmakers reassessing Washington’s $1.3 billion in yearly military aid to Egypt in the aftermath of the country’s military coup have been stunned to learn just how difficult it would be to shut off the pipeline.
“It has gotten us into a situation where we are mortgaged years into the future for expensive equipment,” said Sen. Patrick J. Leahy (D-Vt.), chairman of the Appropriations subcommittee on the State Department, foreign operations and related programs. “It is not a sensible way to carry out U.S. policy toward a country of such importance, where circumstances have changed, our interests and needs change, our budget is under stress, and yet we’ve been stuck on autopilot for more than 25 years.”
During decades of autocratic rule in Egypt, the arrangement worked like a charm. The aid package delivered a windfall for U.S. defense contractors as Egypt-bound tanks, fighter planes and missiles rolled off assembly lines across the United States, gradually replacing Egypt’s aging Soviet hardware and deepening that nation’s reliance on U.S.-made gear. The Pentagon cashed in on the bounty, getting expedited access to the Suez Canal for Navy ships, overflight rights for military aircraft and plenty of face time with Egypt’s generals. Egypt, meanwhile, developed one of the region’s strongest militaries.
From 2008 to 2012, Washington signed off on more than $8.5 billion worth of military orders placed by the Egyptian government, even though Congress appropriated $6.3 billion for defense aid to Cairo in that period, according to the latest data published by the Pentagon. During those five years, Egypt received equipment worth $4.7 billion.
The $3.8 billion gap between contract cost estimates and deliveries is a revealing but incomplete measure of the vast pipeline of items earmarked for Egypt that would be thrown into limbo if Washington were to cut off aid to Cairo.
A rational Congress might agree to eat the difference, since we’re basically paying ourselves here, but the Tea Party faction in Congress is not rational. They’d probably stiff the defense industry for billions of undeliverables. This is an issue that does little to inform us about the correct moral course and works to constrict our freedom of action. Moreover, our access to the Suez Canal and tight relationship with the Egyptian military have concrete benefits, the loss of which would be painful.
It’s true that these arrangements have evidently failed to provide us the leverage we would like, but it’s not clear that we can simply walk away and expect a better result from a self-interested or humanitarian point of view.
Goldberg has not cracked the puzzle, and his assurances should not be relied upon. This problem is a doozy that defies easy, pat answers.
That’s what this special relationship with Israel and Egypt is about, isn’t it? The makers of war and destruction want to be paid, and thy don’t give a fuck about where the weapons go or who they’re used to repress. This is why I say that it is not the Israeli lobby that controls our support of Israel, as it defies why our foreign policy has been just as disgusting on Latin and South America, but it is the MIC that says we must support Israel and refuse to break that sham of a treaty.
Egypt isn’t going to go to war with Israel. But the treaty is worthless and should be broken. End this charade of bribery, and cut it off. No it won’t solve the problem, and there aren’t easy answers, but it’s the place to start.
Money and jobs are important controlling factors in U.S. foreign policy, but Jimmy Carter had more reasons than that to pursue the Camp David peace accords. Some of them seem less important in a post-Cold War environment. The accomplishment is tarnished by the way both governments have behaved. But the alternative in our present situation is not some magic elixir.
John Kerry is brokering peace talks as we speak on a nine-month timeline. Is this the time to rip up the peace accords?
I believe Carter pursued it because he cares about peace and thought it would help, especially in the Cold War context. But his reasons for brokering it and the reasons why we continue to elevate it are two different things. I believe in retrospect the treaty was a mistake. I don’t fault Carter for that, but times have changed.
Yes, but you didn’t answer my question.
Booman, don’t you know that everything that goes wrong is Obama’s fault (on both the right and the left). Yesterday, I heard a man blaming Obama for conflict in the Middle East. Seriously! An adult conversation about trade-offs and things beyond our control? Seriously?
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Per Ayman Mohyeldin, NBC, tweet, the Saudi-owned Four Seasons hotel burned.
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Read my extended diary …
And yes, it’s been beyond time to rip those accords to shreds. Netanyahu just spit in our face — again — with more settlements. Lets stop pretending that we can broker a deal which gives cover to the slow ethnic cleansing (or attempt, as their resolve to not leave despite Israel making their lives miserable knows no maker) of the indigenous population.
So, Kerry should give up his charade, too, then?
Yes. I mean, it won’t happen, and I wish him well. But he won’t be successful and it’s nothing but a “see we’re still trying” that happens under contemporary Democratic administrations. Why you still believe this false hope of a peace process I will truly never understand. Even if they get “close” Israel will offer up something that makes them look reasonable but is only more land theft and repression. Then the P’s will say “no” and then we can blame them for refusing another deal that no sane negotiator from their side would accept.
Walk me through this:
Is “giving up the charade” actually supposed to do anything about the problem? Or is it a way for us to gain credibility, gravitas, moral standing, and other things they don’t let you swipe in the checkout line?
Giving up the charade is getting more parties involved with negotiations (if they happen at all), giving up the pretense of neutrality, and sanctioning Israel with the same fervor that we are so keen to do with Iran. We could start by following what Europe is doing with labeling anything coming from the Occupied Territories. And end this special MIC relationship of giving them dibs on shiny military equipment.
plays regarding Israel and Palestine.
If I was an Israeli would I trust the Palestinians? Hell no. I was a Palestinian would I trust the Israelis? Hell no.
Both sides hate each other, and both sides define peace as the other side surrendering.
There is no peace to be had because neither side wants it.
And I tire of the”both sides do it” bullshit on this just like I tire of the media or holier than thou saying there’s no difference between Dems and Reps or “a random Moveon member said Bush is Hitler so both sides”. It’s lazy and ignorant.
Two sides claim 100% of one patch of land – any negotiated settlement will be short-term…
You can see how this meme is spreading in the comments of Jeffrey Goldberg’s article.
I’m pleasantly surprised to see that it didn’t appear in the body of the column.
I don’t know what actions regarding the aid package would produce the best chance of avoiding or curtailing a horror show in Egypt and promoting a decent, democratic outcome. The President and Secretary of State have my best wishes. Good luck with that.
But if this ends up with the Egyptian government back in the Mubarak days, we need to cut them off. Whatever geopolitical, state-competition interests there are need to take a back seat to a more serious, immediate concern: the threat of terrorism.
America’s alliances with undemocratic, repressive regimes in Muslim countries generate virtually all of the terrorist blowback we’ve experienced.
The 9/11 hijackers and their bosses didn’t come from the countries we’ve been bombing. They came from the countries where the jets were based. Ayman al-Zawahiri, the current head of al Qaeda, was an Egyptian Muslim Brother who founded al Qaeda after he was arrested and tortured by our ally Mubarak.
No more “our son-of-a-bitches.” It’s just too dangerous.
I’m broadly sympathetic to that argument and its underpinning logic, but it seems too pat to me, as well.
One way to encourage more terrorism is to reward it. It gives the adherents of terrorism credibility when they succeed in forcing foreign powers to sever ties to their governments. It makes them more powerful and their tactics more compelling.
This is an important consideration that must be balanced against the idea that the best way to tamp down terrorism is to stop doing things that enrage people.
Bush full well understood the former point, but totally missed the latter one. Remember, though, that it is possible to make the same mistake in reverse.
Besides, in this situation, it is not a clean binary choice. Nor do we have much predictable control over how we are perceived. If the Brotherhood is slaughtered either way, how much benefit do we get from standing aside? Do we think that giving up all our leverage won’t be perceived as a form of complicity, too?
Don’t get me wrong. I want to agree with your argument and I think it is a solid argument. It’s where I might come down when push came to shove. But it’s filled with perils and has no guarantee of helping our terrorism problem.
What terrorism?
How would cutting off the Egyptian military because they suck be tantamount to doing what terrorists want?
The only way I can see that argument making sense is if we stipulate that the MB are terrorists, and that just doesn’t appear to be the case.
You are constricting your brain.
You just got done telling me that Zawahiri was arrested in a MB crackdown, was tortured, and co-founded al-Qaeda as a result. You told me that this was the direct result of letting Mubarak act like a thug.
Zawahiri’s goal has been to sever relations between the U.S. and Egypt.
That’s the goal of quite a few different factions.
We now have a golden opportunity to do so without it being seen as appeasing terrorists.
No, we don’t. Because a) people aren’t that stupid, and b) the people who oppose the MB think that they are terrorists.
All the Middle Eastern governments refer to them as terrorists.
If we cut off aid, people in Europe might see it as taking a humanitarian position, but the opponents of the MB will see it as appeasing the MB. And the MB will see it as just letting them get slaughtered while trying to avoid culpability for it.
You might be right about how the different sides would see it, but both of those responses would be exactly the opposite of “people aren’t that stupid.”
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An interesting read, a paper by El Sisi as a student at the Army War College.
It is quite possible “avoiding or curtailing a horror show in Egypt” and “promoting a decent, democratic outcome” are goals that cannot be easily attained at the same time and you have to choose to prioritize one over the other.
The situation is out of US control. That is the first reality that the US must face. No amount of jawboning, no amount of pleading, no amount of bribing will influence the situation in any direction. Given the current divisions, even using the “do the opposite of what the US recommends” indirection strategy does nothing.
Ending the arms agreement ends the flow of arms from the US, but not immediately. And if you are worried about an Islamist takeover adding to the stockpile of US weapons is not a smart move. What this proves is that US military-to-military training and relationships fail in major crises.
The situation is well out of US power to change. In fact, that might be the situation for most of the Levant and Persian Gulf area.
But it seems that less that 47% of Egyptians support the current Moslem Brotherhood strategy and that figure must include a large number of Salafists. On the other side, about 10% of the Egyptian population are copts, which means that around 43% are folks who are secular or moderate Islamists.
The critical factor at the moment is how those proportions are reflected within the military and police rank-and-file. Because internal cohesion is the limiting factor in the military’s power over the population.
The massacre on Wednesday was a huge mistake for the Egyptian military. And the battles in the streets today will be significant as to whether this regime unwinds just like Mubarak’s did.
It the Egyptians who have to solve the Egyptian puzzle. On their terms. In their time.
President Obama need say no more publicly. Especially since yesterday’s statement is being read internationally as US unconditional support of the Egyptian military’s coup.
What the President should do is start worrying about the arms sales that are in the pipeline to Saudi Arabia. Because the fall of Saudi royal family could well turn out to be his administration’s equivalent of the fall of the Shah. Puppets might be convenient for empire, but tyrannies as we have seen don’t last forever and when they end, they end very rapidly and chaotically.
Especially since yesterday’s statement is being read internationally as US unconditional support of the Egyptian military’s coup.
It is? Weird.
Links? Not that I don’t believe you, but I’d like to see the details.
The general line is that the aid that the US gives does not go to the government, it goes directly to the Egyptian military. IOW, Morsi never had a relationship with that US aid. The fact that aid was not cut therefore means unconditional support of Egyptian military’s action even before Mubarak. Therefore, the US alliance is not with the state but directly with its military.
I lost track of the links because I didn’t think I would be needing to post them. They should be easy to track down with the “US aid direct to Egyptian military” part.
Actually, Booman, there is an easy, pat answer. We keep giving them money and they keep giving us priority in the Suez canal and doing business with Isreal over access to Gaza. Human rights is not a part of the equation. Never was.
millions of Egyptians brought down the Morsi government. Fast forward a month – now people are saying that what actually happened was a military coup.
But if it was a coup – it had the support of millions of protesters. And yet now we get the predictable people on the left trying to lump what has happened in Egypt to Chile et al.
Which is bullshit. What Golberg misses is THAT THE MILITARY IS IN POWER BECAUSE THE EGYPTIAN PEOPLE PUT THEM IN POWER. Those same masses clearly did NOT want Morsi.
So if I was an anti-morsi protester, how would I interpret a US cut-off of aid? What would Goldberg say to the tens of millions whose protests brought down Morsi?
This situation is complex, and I firmly believe we should do absolutely nothing.
Because I don’t know what I want those anti-morsi protesters to do. Is the US now saying that those same protesters should take to the streets again and overthrow the military? What, precisely, do we want to happen given the relative balances of power among the forces on the ground?
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Remember Sibel Edmonds?
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Cross-posted from my diary – Egypt’s Human Toll Rises Above 525 Killed.
Seems like the Egyptian government is trying to raise the specter of “foreign fighters” in domestic propaganda today. Widely reported story of a Pakistani man arrested today.