British journalist and podcaster Oliver Hall spent five weeks on the phones calling American voters and trying to convince them to vote for Kamala Harris. One reason they were resistant had to do with genitalia.
Time and again, voters, very often women themselves, told me that they just didn’t think that “America is ready for a female president”. People said they couldn’t “see her in the chair” and asked if I “really thought a woman could run the country”. One person memorably told me that she couldn’t vote for Harris because “you don’t see women building skyscrapers”. Sometimes, these people would be persuaded, but more often than not it was a red line. Many conversations would start with positive discussions on policy and then end on Harris and her gender. That is an extraordinary and uncomfortable truth.
This wasn’t the only or even the primary problem Harris faced, at least in Hall’s experience, but it was still a significant factor. Here’s another. The Trump campaign managed to take votes away from Harris both because she was too tough as a California prosecutor, and because she was supposedly too soft on crime. Hall claims the war in Gaza only came up in six of approximately 1,000 calls, and he completely dismisses the idea that she wasn’t leftwing enough since “the majority of the country just voted for the complete opposite.”
Here is Hall’s bottom line take on his experience:
After all those conversations, I think the main reason that Harris and Walz lost this campaign is simple: Trump. Ultimately, he was simply too much of a pull again. Despite the gaffes, despite his views on women, despite his distaste for democracy and despite an insurrection, voters just didn’t care.
For reasons that I’m sure will be studied for decades, when he speaks, people listen. When he speaks, people believe him. After all those calls, I can be shocked at this result, but hardly surprised.
To be clear, some voters did ditch Harris because she wasn’t leftwing enough, for example, those for whom tough-on-crime prosecutors are a non-starter and a smattering of folks who feel American military support for Israel’s relentless reaction to the October 7 atrocities is a dealbreaker. But she lost support for many other reasons, many contradictory. A couple, like her gender, she had no control over.
When it comes to doing an informed autopsy of the 2024 presidential election, it definitely helps to have had 1,000 conversations with American voters before Election Day. That’s why I take more from Hall’s experience than most pundits without that experience who tend to be pushing arguments that support their values and agenda more than dispassionate accuracy.
Of course, Hall ultimately offers a pretty unsatisfying answer for why Trump won. He may be correct that the explanation is that people are just drawn to him and are more inclined to believe his lies than to credit or weight his detractors and faults. But other than some secret sauce charisma Trump may enjoy, we still want to know why people voters “just didn’t care” about arguments made against him.
There are a lot of statistics to examine from the election, but two things immediately stand out. The first is that Harris did considerably better in the states she seriously contested, the so-called battleground states, than she did everywhere else. Yes, she still lost them all, but she saw less slippage. What this means is that her campaign was effective at pulling the electorate back in her direction. Perhaps part of the explanation is that left-leaning voters were more inclined to show up and less inclined to register a protest vote in states where they felt their vote might actually matter. But I assume the same is true for right-leaning voters too, even if not to the same degree. Overall, I think Harris made headway where she put resources, just not enough.
The second thing that stands out is that downticket Democrats often outperformed her. This happened all across the country, as well as in some battleground states like North Carolina where she was the only statewide Democratic candidate to lose. This is something the Democrats should find encouraging because it bolsters the case from 2018, 2022 and many special elections, that the Republicans fare poorly when Trump isn’t on the ticket. It’s true that Trump was on the ticket for all these downticket races in 2024, but his GOP brethren proved much less popular. This is why the Democrats won Senate races in Arizona, Nevada, Wisconsin and Michigan even as Trump pried those states away from Joe Biden. The universe of people willing to support a generic Republican is significantly smaller than the universe willing to support Trump.
Of course, this is a source of his power. Precisely because he’s so much more popular than his party, he can keep his party in line. And people are attracted to that power. They want that kind of power in a leader even when they’re somewhat doubtful about that leader’s agenda. Maybe their program will work out and maybe it won’t, but at least they’ll have the wherewithal to give it a try.
Harris couldn’t produce this kind of confidence in the electorate. As a vice-president, she’s a second fiddle by definition, and I’ve already mentioned the obstacle of gender. A lot of people don’t think women can “build skyscrapers,” let alone run the country. We’ll never know how many more votes Biden won than Clinton or Harris simply because he was a white man, but I am sure it was a substantial number. Even Biden’s Catholicism was probably a factor that helped him hold the Blue Wall, and it didn’t hurt at all that he has deep roots in Pennsylvania.
There is much more to examine. John Della Volpe, the director of polling at the Harvard Kennedy School Institute of Politics, argues that the election was “an eminently winnable race” that Harris blew by not focusing enough on selling the administration’s record to the youth vote or emphasizing a fresh agenda focused on their concerns. Relatedly, 30 percent of black men under 45 and about half of Latino men in that age range voted for Trump, primarily for economic reasons. Inflation rates during the Biden administration were clearly the biggest problem, but perceptions about the economy were also shaped by the media environment and plenty of disinformation. I believe one reason that Harris, and Biden before her, didn’t spend more time trying to talk-up their economic performance is that it tested so poorly and did not move the poll numbers. My belief is that inflation is just deadly and is almost impossible to overcome, even by fixing the problem. But there’s no question that the administration lost the information war over the economy, and it wasn’t helped by giving up.
The reality is was it is, and too many Americans felt worse off financially and were worse off financially. Taming inflation, producing robust, historic job growth, and a booming stock market didn’t change that enough, and many people found arguments in support of the administration to be insulting and out-of-touch. Another factor was the focus on student debt relief. It was a godsend to many people, including some of my closest friends, but I always knew it was a political albatross to relieve debt for the college-educated and not for people who borrowed to buy a home or truck. It definitely contributed to the continuing trend of Democrats losing support in rural and small-town America, which was once again deadly for the Democratic nominee for president.
I think this last aspect of the election is the most troubling because it’s likely to be the most enduring. There’s a steady pattern in American politics of the president’s party taking a shellacking in the first off-year midterm election. There’s a constant anti-establishment, anti-incumbent vote that just switches back and forth largely irrespective of record or conditions. And there’s always a blowback reaction against whatever an administration accomplishes or fails to accomplish. It’s unlikely that the GOP’s gains in the suburbs or with minority and youth voters will evade this pattern in 2026. In fact, considering the radicalism of Trump’s stated agenda, as well as his penchant for controversy, it’s likely this blowback will be furious and have little to nothing to do with any decision the Democratic Party might make between now and then. But as long as the GOP is getting three-quarters or more of the vote in countless lightly-populated counties nationwide, the Democrats’ electoral prospects will be severely limited and it will remain difficult to win the Electoral College.
I’ll have more to say about a strategy going forward as I digest more of the data, but one thing I’m already clear about is that restoring the urban/suburban alliance that powered Obama and Biden into the Oval Office isn’t going to be sufficient, and shouldn’t be the goal. There’s also plenty to panic about as Trump resumes his place in the White House, but his party’s electoral prospects in the next cycle are almost bound to weaken no matter what we do or don’t do. This is a positive and a reason for hope, but it’s not a solution.