I’ve known for a long time that the United States’ passionate opposition to the Castro regime in Cuba was driven at the outset largely by powerful people who lost assets when the economy there was nationalized. Some of these people were simple mobsters who ran operations of ill repute, but there were major corporate losses, too. Apparently, many of these corporations are still holding out hope that they will be compensated.
The federal government has a whole outfit, the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission, tasked with overseeing these claims. When a foreign country expropriates (or nationalizes) a U.S. company’s assets, as happened in Cuba but has also occurred in China, Vietnam and elsewhere, the companies file a claim with the commission. It then examines its validity and, if it checks out, the claim is officially certified. It is then up to either the companies individually to negotiate a settlement with the foreign government or for the federal government to negotiate on behalf of the companies with claims as a whole.
In Cuba, American corporations have 5,913 claims that were worth $1.9 billion when they were certified in the 1960s. Those claims have been accruing interest for the last half century, at a 6 percent simple rate, meaning that they are worth upwards of $7.5 billion in 2014. Because of the U.S. embargo of Cuba and lack of any formal diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba, the claims have never been resolved.
Some big U.S. claimants, like the Cuban Electric Company, became effectively defunct, but other marquee names like ITT Tech, Exxon, Texaco, Coca-Cola and Freeport-McMoRan mining have standing claims worth hundreds of millions of dollars. That isn’t the kind of value that Fortune 500 companies are going to just write off, Muse said.
“You’ll hear things from people who don’t know this, ‘Oh the claims have been written off,’” [Robert] Muse [a Washington, D.C., attorney who specializes in Cuban issues] said. “No one should imagine that the general counsel of these companies is unaware of that or that their shareholders are unaware of it.”
If you’re looking for a diversion today, you can peruse longtime Tribber Lisa Pease’s March-April 1996 Probe article on Freeport-McMoRan’s history in Indonesia.
You may be familiar with the role of the United Fruit Company in the Guatemalan coup of 1954, or ITT‘s role in overthrowing the Brazilian government in 1964 and Salvador Allende in Chile in 1973.
Whatever you may think about communism or the human rights record of the Castro brothers, the record is unambiguous. The way the Cold War played out in Latin American and the Caribbean had little to do with advancing core American values that we are taught in school like freedom of religion and speech and the importance of representative government and free and fair elections. Rather, our policy served the interests of corporate shareholders who did not want to see their financial holdings nationalized by left-leaning elected governments.
This is the real history, and the real context within which Cuba and the USA have battled for hearts and minds in this hemisphere for the past half century. It’s too simple to call one side good and the other side evil, but the one thing we should be crystal clear about is that our government’s policy has not been driven by what is best of the people of this or any other country. Our government has taken hypocrisy to a new level and resorted to the rankest and basest kind of propaganda to justify their actions.
That doesn’t mean that Cuba should have succeeded in exporting their revolution. It just means that we the people shouldn’t support these corporations’ efforts to get reparations from Cuba. It would be much better if we were paid the reparations in compensation for having been lied to so egregiously for so long. We got nothing out of the fifty year war against Cuba except a closed market, travel restrictions, and the sick feeling all decent people get when their government acts despicably.
Reparations – um, about that…
Yes, Oscar?
I would love to see the shit-storm that erupts if they actually use that phrasing – corporate reparations. On reparations to the descendants of African slaves I’m of two minds, and one has not (yet) overcome the other, but I am interested in how this thing plays out. My guess is that they’ll bury it in some other package – tourism promotion or something along those lines – and it’ll never see the light of day if they actually pursue corporate reparations.
On the one hand, America clearly owes reparations to those who were exploited to build this county. Ascertaining who, these many years later, are due payment is a major boondoggle that would have to be solved, but the reality of the debt should be unquestioned – it’s just a matter of adjudicating who exactly are the creditors and who exactly should pay.
On the other hand, once payment is made virtually all claims of racial bias/discrimination/disadvantage would immediately (and somewhat justifiably) be met with, “F you – we paid for that.” I’m not sure that it would be to anyone’s advantage to find ourselves in that situation.
Bottom line for me, I will never oppose reparations for the descendants of slaves but I’m not full-throatedly endorsing them either.
I was about to ask about First Americans, but you make a good point: reparations are simply a bandaid to make the questions of racism and bias go away.
Kudos.
Really? Those assets would have been written off, for both financial and tax accounting purposes, long ago. (Coca Cola depreciates building and improvements over forty or fewer years and equipment and vehicles over twenty or fewer years.) Highly unlikely that any of the corporations view those “unresolved claims” worthy of note to their financial statements much less carried as an asset. “Cuba” is mentioned nowhere in Coca Cola’s 10-K.
Reparations due to Cuba’s war of independence and the same for Vietnam’s struggle to rid itself of the colonial powers France and the US? When will the claims start coming for reparations from conflicts in Libya – Syria – Iraq.
○ Vietnamese citizens filed a class-action lawsuit against more than 30 chemical companies – lawsuit dismissed by US Federal judge
Under the 1996 Helms-Burton Act, the U.S. can’t lift its decades-old embargo — triggered in part by Castro’s seizure of property — until the Cuban and American governments agree to settle the outstanding claims. Under another law, it will fall to the U.S. State Department to negotiate the value of the claims with the Cuban government. The two nations may settle for a fraction of what’s owed in talks that could take months, or years.
Contrary to International Law [pdf]
The Helms-Burton Act, crafted and designed to benefit a handful of visceral Cuban exiles while harming everyone else, has been an entrenched United States law since March 12, 1996. It personifies America’s nefarious entanglement with the richest and most powerful remnants of the U.S.-backed Batista-Mafia dictatorship in Cuba, which was overthrown by the Cuban Revolution on January 1, 1959.
○ Cuba Property Claims, Yielding Pennies, May Spur Talks | Bloomberg |
The United States is a major colonial power taking that role away from England during WWII. The US however did things differently by instead of planting the flag, planted US corporations with `interests’ defended by covert and overt military means. This worked most everywhere except for Cuba who defended itself by inviting the installation of Russian nuclear weapons. I do not believe Cuba ever wanted to take over its neighbors to create client states. The revolution Cuba was exporting was the idea that it was possible to stand up to US corporate colonial power. Cuba kicked out the US supported dictator, US corporations and organized crime that were feasting on Cuba’s natural resources and proximity to the US mainland. This was indeed a direct confrontation with American colonial power. The revolution Cuba was exporting was the idea of self determination for the people of a sovereign state, something the US might have been willing to support if Henry Wallace had been allowed to set the tone by being elected President instead of FDR who was secretly running for a fourth term from his death bed. It will be truly embarrassing for the US if the standard of living for the Cuban people does dramatically rise while Cuba maintains ownership of the means of production for the people in an expanded modern economy. The real worry is that an alternative to capitalism as we know it might finally have a chance to emerge.
Not going to happen, and if they try then see how long it is before Cuba gets some Freedom™
“The revolution Cuba was exporting was the idea of self determination for the people of a sovereign state, something the US might have been willing to support if Henry Wallace had been allowed to set the tone by being elected President instead of FDR who was secretly running for a fourth term from his death bed.”
So they were planning on exporting this idea of self-determination but somehow forgot to make it happen in their own country?
Why on earth would the US be embarrassed by rising living standards in a communist country when it is not embarrassed by superior standards of living in other capitalist countries? The angst on the right over Cuba has nothing to do with the conditions of the people there and their standard of living.
If you’re referring to self-determination for the individual holding the US up as a moral example I fail to see how we have much moral authority left with the largest and growing prison population in the world, laws that allow police to confiscate money and property with no due process just because they want it, that you can be killed for just being the wrong color, can’t get an education without crippling debt then learn that our government has tortured people just to send them a message not to mess with us. If you want self determination here you best be of the right skin color and born to the right family.
If you’re referring to self-determination for the sovereign state of Cuba, they made that determination by regime change, different form of government and saying no to American Colonial Power many years ago. Saying no to Corporate Colonial Power is dangerous such as when the last democratically elected leader of Iran dared say no to BP. That resulted in a new dictator with a brand new CIA trained police state installed. The list of this kind of thing is long but Cuba somehow managed to survive still saying no to American Colonial Power.
I have no idea if anything good can come from Cuba being allowed to participate in a modern economy but maybe with the work of some smart people and a bit of luck, Cuba might be able to establish a national economy that works for all the people, not just the .001% as we have here.
The embarrassment will come if it works and raises the standard of living for all the Cuban people. We don’t like how corporate power has rigged the system against us but have been convinced that no alternative exists. The real worry is that an alternative to capitalism as we know it might finally have a chance to emerge and we might be ready for a change.
No, I was only referring to self-determination for Cubans.
I think the likelier outcome is that American political elites will try to take credit for any increase in the standard of living in Cuba. There will be no embarrassment because our political elites are incapable of feeling such things.
The rest of the world did not adopt the US position on Cuba. I’m far more curious as to what the Cuban government can accomplish once the embargo is lifted (eventually) and they no longer have that as an excuse.
More likely they will go the way of China. Communist when it comes to democracy and free speech, capitalist in every other way.
I don’t think the way of China can even be called Communist. If they give in to the Capitalist they say yes to American Corporate Power just becoming another vassal for cheap labor. It doesn’t have to be that way. If they can protect their industry and use the new wealth generated by a new place in the world to build a middle class, it will be noticed as our middle class collapses even more.
I saw that and it just made me sick. The idea of the robber barons of cuba profiting from that island in any way is just wrong.
I am hopeful that Raul Castro was telling the truth a few years back when he said he didn’t want to hang around past 2018. If so, it might provide an opportunity for transition. I’d like that to be a transition to a more european or canadian-style future than a high-inequality solution. We can do our part by making sure these exiles only profit from cuba by investing in it honestly, not through grandfathered theft.
People are expecting for a new beginning for both the countries. If it happens it would be a good step towards being good neighbors.
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Agree 100%. Any reparations they want now would just be be gravy, not really reparations.
Also, too, don’t forget about Bacardi. Lots going on with that family/brand and Cuba.